Water-motor



(N-o Model.) A 2 Sheets-Sheet 1.

B. PIOKERING.

WATER MOTOR.

Patented Aug. 17, 1897.

(No Model.) 2 Sheets-Sheet 2. B. PICKERING. WATER'MOTOR.

No. 588,470. Patented Aug. 17, 1897.

@19H/names l mvemoz UNITED STATES y PATENT Fries.

BARTON PIOKERING, OF DAYTON, OHIO.

WATER-MOTOR.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 588,470, dated August 17, 1897.` Application iiled February 10, 1892. Serial No. 420,941. (No model.)

T0 @ZZ whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, BARTON PIOKERING, a citizen of the United States, residing at Day-` ton, in the county of Montgomery and State of Ohio, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Water-Motors; and I do hereby declare that the following is a full, clear, and exact description of the invention, which will enable others skilled in the art to which it appertains to make and use the same, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, and to the letters and numerals of reference marked thereon, which form a part of this specification.

My invention relates to improvements in water-motors, the several features of which will be fully. hereinafter described and claimed.

The object of my invention is to automatically operate a motor under any variation of pressure, the only essential condition being that the pressure shall be sufficient to produce a movement. The pump part of the motor is not involved in the invention, as the motor will operate independently and may be applied to any mechanism requiring a reciprocating motion.

The mechanism is illustrated in the accompanying drawings, in which- Figure 1 is a plan of the motor as attached to a pump. Fig. 2 is a transverse vertical section of the motor on line-fg, Fig. 1, (two sheets.) Fig. 3 is a front view of the motor. Fig. 4 is a longitudinal vertical section of the motor on line 0c, Fig. l. Fig. 5 is a top view of the principalvalve and the supplementary valve. Fig. 6 is a top view of a variable form of the valves. Fig. 7 is al front view of the supplementary-valve arm. Fig. 8 is a transverse section of the supplementary valve and adjacent parts, the exterior being broken. Fig. 9isaview of the adjusting-plate. Fig. 10 is a view, chieiy in longitudinal vertical section,of a variation of the piston-cylinder which gives motion to the supplementary valve.

Like letters and numerals designate like parts throughout the several views.

A is the motor-cylinder, and B the pumpcylinder, and these are rigidly attached to the base A2.. The pump is not an essential partv of the invention, but is an addition to said cylinder and comprises a leather-packed piston identical with that of G, Fig. 4, and shown by dotted lines, Fig. 1, the valve-chamber D,

induction-pipe M, eduction-pipe L, and airchamber E. The pistons of the motor and pump are identical and are connected by the piston-rod F, to the center of which i's-rigidly attached the collar F. To prevent leakage where the piston-rod passes through the cylinder-heads, the stuffing-boxes s s are provided.

C C2 are the cylinder-heads of the motor, and the orifice 15 is for the induction-pipe and 16 for the eductiOn-pipe of the valve P.

A is the brasslining. of the motor, the ends being closed within and against the outer surfaces of the circular ribs and within which the piston moves.

In an integral part of the motor-cylinder and transversely to said cylinder is a tapering oriiice for the reception of the bush valveseat P4. (Shown'in Figs. 2, 4, and 8.) 'This bush has an induction-orifice 13 corresponding to orifice 20 and an outlet-oriiice 17 on the opposite side for the exhaust. These two orifices are for the principal valve P. This bush is further provided with three orioes for the supplementary valve, the oriiices 10 10 atthe top and the oriiice 22 at the bottom, the former serving as inlet and outlet orifices and the latter the exhaust. The bush-opening, as adapted to two pistons, is shown in Fig. 10, the inlet-ports 35 35, the exhaustport 33, and the supplementary-valve port 34. The rear end of said bush is closed by the plate Q, held by screws, and the central portion and right end is filled by the compound valve'. The plate, with its screws, serves to both close the end of said bush and hold it snugly within its seat. The bush serves as aconvenient seat for the valve, and its orifices correspond to the port and eXhaust-oriicesof the motor-casting.

The auxiliary device for completing the motion of the principal valve ,has two forms of supplementary valve performing like functions, but modified in the requisite adaptation to either a single or double piston or plunger.

At Fig. 4 is shown the valve P with its inlet side orifices 9 9 and inlet end orifices, the ports 8S in the casing communicating with the ends of the motor-cylinder, the exhaust-cavity 14 in said valve, and the eXhaust-openin g IOO `i. "1. i w ...in

17 in the bush P. Then the valve is rotated slightly to the left, the water under pressure would carry the piston G to the right, and vice versa. The stem of the valve extends externally, and tothe end is attached the arm )Vithin guides ou the cylinder N is supported the bar I, the ends of which are bent down at a right angle to engage the ends of the piston-rods u u, on which is attached the piston O. (Shown at Fig. 3.) To the right. end of this bar is attached the forked arm II, the same extending over the piston-rod F, and thereby engages the collar F just before the piston makes its full movement in either direction. In this manner the requisite movement is given to the valve to drive the pistons of the motor and the pump, but without the resultant motion of the supplementaryvalve an automatic movement would not result.

To the top of the bar I is attached the angular plate .I and in the face of which ar attached the pins 4c 4, which engage the upper end of the valve-arm. The principal valves P and P are substantially the same. The only variation is that the former has a cent-ral orifice 11 to carry the water to the supplementary valve and the latter has the orifice 1S opening externally and communieating with the lengthened groove 19 of the supplement-ary valve P3, (shown in Fig. 5,) which is the entry-port for the water, and Si is the issue-port of the supplementary valve P5. I show two forms of supplementary valve, each form being respectively constructed with reference to one of the two forms of principal valve above described. The supplementary valve Pfy (shown in Fig. G) has a transverse port 15, corresponding with the port 11 in the principal valve P. The supplementary valve P3 (shown in Fig. 5) has a longitudinal groove 10, as shown, for conducting the lluid from the oriice 1S in the principal valve P' to either side of the auxiliary piston O inthe cylinder N. Either of these two forms of main and corresponding supplementary valve may be used at will. The bush P4 is adapted for use as well with one form as with the other. The supplementary valve is provided with the arm G, Fig. 7, whose square oriice embraces the neck of such supplementary valve and which is further provided with a slot to receive the pin of the pivotal lever 1 (shown in Fig. 3) or of the like connection on the rigid arm shown in Fig. 10. The former is used when the single piston O is used and the latter when the two pistons O O are used.

In the variation of the cylinder N shown in Fig. 10 the same is adapted to the use of two pistons and is provided with inlet-orifices 30 30 and the exhaust-orifice rlhe arm 3l, rigidly attached to the bar I', engages the notch of the arm (i, Fig. 3, the same as the oscillating arm, (shown in Fig. 1,) and thereby cause the supplementary valve P3 to oseillate. The rigid arm or pivotal lever moves the supplementary valve and thereby opens the issue-port, causing the piston or pistons to move, and thereby completing the movement of the principal valve by causing the reciprocating bar I to move, which carries the principal valve until its opposite port is fully opened, and consequently a reverse movement results. The operation is thus: The water fiows through the center of the valve and, entering through the side port of the principal valve, carries the pistons until the forked operating-arm engages the collar on the piston-rod, which carries said valve until its port is closed, but previously the valve-arm of the supplementary valve is engaged by the reciprocating bar and the water lows into the independent cylinder, causing a movement of the piston and thereby carrying said reciprocating bar sufficiently to fully open the opposite port of said principal valve and thereby reverse the action of the motor. The same action takes place at the end of each stroke, and the motor continues to move so long as the force is applied.

Steam or gas may be used as the propelling agency in the motor, as the valves are adapted to steam-pumps or any mechanism requiring an automatic reciprocating motion.

Both valves are held to their seat by the pressure of the water, and to prevent this force pressing the valves too tightly into their seat the plate 3, which bears against the arm G, which embraces the square end of the supplementary valve, is used to hold back said valve by means of the outer screws 5 5, which are made to press against the ends of said plate. The stem of the principal valve abuts the middle screw, and by which a like adjustment s eiected. Loek-nuts are used ou all of these screws to bind them fully when the adjustment of the valves is made. The screws are all held in the arm K, fastened to the cylinder N.

Having fully described my invention, what I claim, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is-

1. The combination of the valve P provided with lateral ports and exhaust-cavity, the cylinder A having corresponding ports, the supplementary valve P5 held on the stem of said principal valve and provided with issue-port 34: and exhaust-cavity 12, the cylinder N, with its piston O, and connecting meehanisms,by which the valve-arms are connected respectively with the pistons of the two cylinders, substantially as set forth.

2. The combination of the cylinder Awith its piston G, the principal valve P provided with the operating-arm 2, and with issueports 9, E), and exhaust-cavity 14, the cylinder N with its piston O, the supplementary valve P5 provided with operating-arm 6 and with issue-port 34 and exhaust-cavity 12 the latter held on the stem by the former valve, substantially as set forth.

3. The bush or valve-seat P4 provided with lateral openings 36 3G and exhaust-opening 17 for the principal valve; the inlet-ports 35, S5 and exhaust-opening 22 for the auxiliary IOO IIO

valve, in combination with the principal and auxiliary valves, the two parallel cylinders with pistons and rods, s aid valves arranged transversely to said cylinders, and with mechanism to effect their operation, substantially as described.

4. The combination of the compound valve,

. each part provided with distinct operatingby the agency of the auxiliary piston, substantially as described.

5. In a Water-motor, the combination of two cylinders arranged parallel to each other, the larger of said cylinders containing the main piston and piston-rod, and the smaller the supplementary piston andv its rod, the latter adapted to shift the main and supplementary valves, the bushing or valve-seat located in a bore of the cylinder-casting transverse to the axial line of the cylinders said bushing having suitable passages and ports for pressure and exhaust of the actuating uid, the main and supplementary valves located within saidbushing, each having suitable issueports and exhaust-cavities as described, and the supplementary valve being arranged to inclose and operate on the main valve, Athe arm of said supplementary valve, the reciprocating bar adapted to engage the ends of the piston-rod of the supplementary piston, said bar having two stops connected therewith, the pivoted lever having one of its ends located between the stops and the other end connected with the arm of the sup-v plementary valve, whereby the latter is operated, an arm having one end rigidly connected with the main valve and its other end extending between the aforesaid stops on the bar, and suitable connections between the main motor piston-rod and the reciprocating bar, all substantially as set forth.

In testimony that I claim the foregoing as my own I affix my signature in presence of two witnesses. j

BARTON PICKERING.

lVitnesses:

CHARLES W. DALL, B. F. HERsHEY. 

